您应该熟悉的费用

28th June, 2022

零佣金交易可能并非意味着交易是免费的。哪些交易费用呢？

大多数金融模型都假设交易手续费是可以忽略不计的，因为这些手续费影响证券的定价。但天下没有免费的午餐，交易费用（以各种形式呈现）普遍存在，而且是不可避免的。如果您是交易频繁的投资者，那就更应该注意这些的费用，否则它们将会蚕食您的利润。

谈到交易费用，很多投资者只想到交易佣金而忽略了这些“”的费用这是常见的错误。当使用服务提供商的平台，通常每笔交易会收取一次平台费。例如，GRAB每趟都1收取0.30新元的平台费。

另一方面，结算费是让服务提供商结算交易的费用，执行诸如在相关各方2之间的股份和资金转移等任务。结算费可以按每股或按交易价值的百分比来收取。为了方便参考，我们编制了一个列表，列出了需要注意的不同类型费用券商可以用不同的方式向您收取费用。此外，我们还分析了哪种方式对您来说是最划算的。

Factsheets

简而言之，当您交易超过一定数量的股票时，例如1,000股，使用POEMS环球账户 – 特权级别的交易费用是最便宜的。而对于那些用较少数量的股票进行交易的投资者/交易员来说，上述例子中的券商X或Y会更便宜。这通常适用于交易价格较高的股票，例如交易价格高达48万美元左右的伯克希尔哈撒韦A类股(BRK.A.US)以及交易价格超过3,000美元的亚马逊 (AMZN.US) 。

由于每家券商的费率不尽相同，所以没有一家券商能满足所有投资者的需求。如上图所示，使用POEMS购买1,000股的PLTR.US 股票是最优惠的。

因此，单看佣金率可能产生误导，了解整个收费表将有助于您做出明智的决定。

在卖出美股时，还会涉及美国证券交易委员会(SEC)费用和交易活动费(TAF)等额外费用。

SEC费用将支付给监管方，以抵消其监管股票市场3的成本。SEC费用是根据合约的名义价值来收取的。在2022年5月14日4前的费率为0.00051%，而之后的费率将修正为0.00229%。因此，100万美元的卖单将产生22.90美元的SEC费用。

与SEC费用类似，TAF的收费旨在帮助金融业监管局(FINRA) 抵消其监督及监管公司5的成本。TAF按每股0.000130美元来收取，最高收取6.49美元6。

除了交易美股谈到的预付费用外，可能还会产生其他后续的费用。其中一些常见的费用包括美国存托凭证(ADR)费用、公司行动费用、外国股票托管费、提款费、报表请求费等。

讨论的要点是从成本的角度出发的。投资者在选择券商进行投资时，还必须考虑其他因素，包括券商的信誉、在交易时段提供的支持、与个人财务顾问/交易代表的联系以及投资产品的范围、保险解决方案等。抛开其他顾虑不谈，交易成本对某些人来说可能是导致交易失败的原因，我们希望这篇文章能帮助您更好地了解其中所涉及的成本，并在选择券商时考虑到“免佣金”以外的问题。

您还可以在《商业时报》*撰写的这篇文章中，阅读到更多关于某些费用和收费是如何影响交易员的。

*注：阅读全文需订阅《商业时报》，但作为免费用户，您仍可以阅读文章的摘要。

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此内容为英文翻译版本，若有任何不一致之处，皆以英文版本为准。


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