研报 | 2019年全球股票市场展望

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美国

虽然预计2019年美国企业的盈利增长将放缓至个位数,但我们预计不会出现经济衰退。这将反映出更高的信贷成本,工资和贸易关税引发的通胀。

关税的影响将适得其反,使投入成本上升,从而降低美国制造商的成本竞争力,并加剧消费者的通胀。这削弱了美联储满足特朗普一再提出的抑制加息要求的能力。因此,我们仍然预计2019年至少有两次加息。

作为一个大型的产油国,2018年四季度的油价大幅下跌对美国来说不是一个好兆头。主要的石油生产国已承诺从2019年1月起减产。目前尚不清楚他们是否会坚持这一立场,低油价,再加上美国股市的暴跌,可能会损害占美国经济70%以上的国内消费。

对特朗普的调查可能会震动美国市场。特朗普可能会被特别顾问罗伯特S 穆勒三世(Robert S. Mueller III)以俄罗斯介入特朗普总统竞选的罪名而遭到起诉。我们对美国市场抱有减持的态度。

 

中国 / 香港

贸易战的缓和是一个值得欢迎的喘息之机。但无论中美两国是否在2019年3月初达成友好协议,贸易和制造业转移到亚洲其他国家的行动已经开始了。我们认为他们只会加快步伐。

为了应对关税和国内消费支出下降的影响,中国从2019年起对儿童保育、医疗保健和老年护理实行税收减免。它还敦促国内银行向中小企业提供更多的贷款。由于中国的去杠杆化运动导致银行固定资产投资大幅缩水,这些银行仍不愿在经济增长放缓之际承担风险。

一个可能导致特朗普软化对中国立场的事态发展是,澳门赌场牌照即将续期。美国赌场运营商占澳门博彩收入的60%。拉斯维加斯金沙集团的董事长Sheldon Adelson,是共和党最大的捐赠者。他控制着金沙中国,该公司在澳门经营着两家赌场,其牌照将于2022年到期。目前由澳门运营商持有的另外两个牌照,澳门博彩控股公司和美高梅中国,也将于2020年到期,有待争夺。金沙中国可能会感兴趣。

尽管中国淡化了其“中国制造2025”的雄心,但它正在迅速缩小与西方国家的技术差距。阿里巴巴预计将于2019下半年推出首款专为人工智能量身定制的电脑芯片。继中文被译成“平头哥”,中文昵称为无畏的蜜獾之后,阿里巴巴旨在利用这一技术减少中国电子产品对外国硅的依赖。

在此之前,我们预计中国经济增长将放缓一年。在贸易关系悬而未决的情况下,我们对中国和香港抱有减持的态度。

 

欧洲

欧洲央行于2018年底结束了其量化宽松的政策,不过它可能不会在短期内加息。我们认为这个结束的时机来得不合时宜。多年来,欧元区几乎没有从这些宽松的货币政策中走出来,一些欧盟国家甚至养成了自满的情绪和糟糕的支出纪律。如果全球经济进一步放缓,它将别无选择。欧洲央行的资产负债表占欧元区GDP 的41%,并且利率处于超低水平,它已经耗尽了货币弹药。

英国脱欧,无论是硬脱还是软脱,对欧元区都将是负面影响,尽管可能会对西班牙、荷兰和捷克公和国等国家产生一些积极的溢出效应。在英国开展业务的公司,正赶在英国退出这些国家之前搬迁。我们对欧元区抱有减持的态度。
 

亚洲

美联储紧缩政策的放缓将使亚洲国家在利率方面迎头赶上。这还将减轻亚洲货币的一些压力,并阻止资金从亚洲外流。事实上,我们预计来自发达市场的资金将回流到亚洲新兴市场。新兴市场因其迅速壮大的中产阶级和强大的基础设施需求而颇具吸引力。

日本:尽管日本即将在2019年10月将销售税从8%上调至10%,但我们认为2020年奥运会前的建筑支出将给日本带来更积极的经济动力。日本正在放宽对外国人就业的限制,这应有助于提高生产率。

新加坡:由于担心贸易战可能会大幅削弱其GDP 增长,新加坡已被过度评级。新加坡的收益率为4.5%,是亚洲收益率最高的国家之一。此外,其市净率约为1倍,也使其一些上市公司成为颇具吸引力的并购目标。

我们看好在香港和中国开展业务的银行,因为它们应该继续在中国的信贷增长中前行。由于风险规避要求更高的股权成本,银行的收益率高于5%。

马来西亚:马来西亚在五月的大选中使帕卡坦-哈拉潘联盟重掌政权后,它需要更长的时间才能重新站稳脚根。据说财政部正在审查一些由旧政府启动的公私合作项目。针对穆斯林朝圣者的储蓄基金,朝圣基金局被披露管理不善,也扰乱了市场。该基金持有马来西亚上市公司的大量股份。我们对马来西亚抱有减持的态度。

其中一个突出的行业是手套制造业,该行业正享受着低橡胶价格,令吉(马来西亚货币单位)疲软 – 产品以美元销售 – 以及能源价格疲软。在新加坡上市的马来西亚手套制造商的估值低于在马来西亚上市的同业,并且它的市盈增长比率仍小于1倍。

印尼:印尼是石油净进口国,因此随着油价下跌,印尼的经常账户和通胀可能会有所改善。将于2019年4月举行的任何和平的总统选举,都使佐科维多多总统重掌政权,这将是一个积极的催化剂。佐科维将节省下来的燃料补贴用于基础设施的建设。我们喜欢印尼的银行。这个国家的金融服务普及率很低。在庞大的2.6亿人口中,只有不到40% 的人拥有银行账户。

泰国:泰国和越南正开始受益于制造业从中国迁出。泰国将于2019上半年举行期待以久的大选。根据以往的传统,消费者情绪有望得到提振。

结论
我们预计2018年四季度疲软的盈利将拖累2019年一季度的股价。市场还将被3月初的中美贸易谈判和3月底的英国退欧协议所消耗。我们相信价值型股票将最终引领市场的复苏。

 

 

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