合兴集团 (47.HK)——中国北方领先的连锁速食品牌经营者

投资概要

 

 

公司背景

 

1.公司基本资料

合兴集团目前主要在中国北部从事连锁速食品牌经营。2011年公司通过发行可转债收购了连锁饭类品牌“吉野家”、霜泣淋品牌“冰雪皇后”在中国北方的特许经营权,由此,公司逐渐从原本专注食用油生产的企业转型为速食品牌的经营者。截止至2017年6月30日,公司在中国北部经营481家速食店,覆盖北京、天津、河北、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江及内蒙古七个省市。在未来,公司会继续致力于扩大销售网路,丰富运营的店铺品牌,为顾客提供种类更丰富的食品。

业务分析

 

概览

截止至2017 年,合兴集团共运营481 家店铺,包括“吉野家”“冰雪女王”等品牌。合兴集团的收入主要来自京津冀地区。在2017 年上半年,来自京津冀地区的销售占集团收入的75%,来自东三省及内蒙古的销售占25%。若按品牌划分,在今年上半年,吉野家销售额达到15.72 亿元人民币,占收入的85%。冰雪女王收入达1.72 亿元,占集团收入11%左右。同时,集团在北京、大连、渖阳、天津及呼和浩特等地建有配送物流中心,负责在经营地区对食品进行再加工、二次包装及运送。

 


吉野家业务——中国北部领先的日式速食连锁店

 

吉野家是拥有百年历史的日式连锁速食品牌,提供各种饭类产品,它以日式牛肉饭“牛井”闻名,还提供各种饭类产品,包括鸡肉饭、猪肉饭等。吉野家面向年轻的中低收入消费群体,每客消费在人民币30 元左右。合兴集团目前在北部中国运营317 家吉野家店铺。然而,受宏观经济疲弱影响,吉野家的销售从2013 到2016 年呈现些微负增长。

 


在 2017 上半年,吉野家销售收入按港币口径达8.9 亿元,同比增长4.93%,我们认为增长主要由三个因素带来:外卖业务的发展,店铺网路扩张,产品组合丰富。

 

1) 外卖业务的铺开:外卖销售目前佔据吉野家营业额的30%左右。合兴集团持续推进自有外卖平台建设,并与第三方外卖平台合作,不断提高市场渗透程度,扩大品牌影响力。在北京(吉野家最主要的市场),吉野家品牌拥有达千人的配送员团队负责外卖产品的配送,覆盖200 个门店的经营区域,保证食品品质与服务质素。

 

2)店铺网路扩张:公司採取“三线”开店策略:开设旗舰

店、体验店为更多客户提供给产品与服务,在街边开设外卖店以扩大配送范围。开设街边小店有利于提高运营效率,这不仅可以扩大配送的覆盖范围,还可以减低人工开支与租金。

 

3)不断丰富的产品组合:公司不断丰富现有产品组

合,增加热狗、特别饮品及早餐服务,持续为顾客提供更多样的消费选择,满足更多年轻顾客的喜好。

 

冰雪皇后——不断完善的门店网络与更好的餐饮体验
公司的冰雪皇后门店为顾客提供霜泣淋、霜泣淋蛋糕、饮品以及热狗等速食。

 

该品牌面向具有较高消费能力并且寻求更好消费体验的顾客。合兴集团将冰雪皇后商店开设在交通便利的大型购物中心,以适应中国市场餐饮消费形态的变化。2012 到2016 年,冰雪皇后的收入呈现轻微下降,但在2017 年上半年出现回升。

公司不断改善冰雪皇后的店铺网络,关闭亏损门店,开设新的盈利的店铺。2016 年冰雪皇后开始提供霜泣淋蛋糕的外卖服务。公司加强与第三方外卖平台的合作,不断扩大配送区域,加强社交平台管理,提升品牌知名度,实现外卖业务的快速成长。同时,公司引进新的产品与元素,满足年轻人的消费需求。公司未来还将通过开设提供舒适座位的DQ 旗舰店来提升消费体验。

 


多品牌策略和日益完善的产品组合

公司致力于引入新的优质品牌。公司于2016 年引入“芳叔”,开始在中国北部销售经典的港式小吃(包括蛋挞、鸡蛋仔)。该品牌专注于小店经营模式,投入成本小,回收投资期短。同时,合兴集团根据客户的饮食喜好持续引入新产品,不断丰富菜单,提高客户忠诚度。公司借助来自网络平台的大数据,开发具有高毛利的新产品。随著先进技术在经营管理中的运用,有利于公司紧跟不断变化的市场需求、消费趋势,提供给客户更好更丰富的产品。

 

员工激励政策提高运营效率

公司採取具有竞争力的员工激励政策并且提供职业培训以稳定人才队伍。于2015 年公司在所有店铺开展“模拟老板计画”,旨在让店铺管理者能够从店铺所有者的角度出发进行运营管理。这个政策使店铺管理者将店铺视为自己的产业,激励他们以更有效率的方式运营店铺。这个政策允许店铺管理者与公司分享经营成果,因为超过目标销售额的部分公司会与店长进行分成。店长提高运营效率、节约店铺成本的措施,帮助公司在经营环境恶化的情况下能够生存并实现利润稳定增长,近年来公司的其他经营开支稳步下降也是证明。

 

估值和风险

我们的估值模型显示目标价为 0.24 港元: 我们预计京津冀一体化发展将为区域经济增长带来巨大潜力。作为北方领先的连锁速食经营者,随著不断扩张销售网络、提高经营管理效益,合兴集团有可能在区域经济发展、居民消费能力提高的大环境下实现更好的发展。我们首次覆盖给予“增持”评级,目标价0.24 港币,预计上升空间11%。(现价截至10 月12 日)

下行风险

新店开设速度低于预期

餐饮行业的激烈竞争及视频安全问题

区域经济发展滞后

 

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信息数据来源:彭博,华尔街见闻,东方财富,新浪财经,辉立证券

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