Fixed-rate bond

Fixed-rate bond

Bonds are a financial instrument in which the investor lends money to an organisation. The entity can be the government, a bank, or a corporation, and it borrows money for a fixed period at a defined interest rate. 

A debt instrument that yields the same interest for its tenure is best characterised as a fixed-rate bond. Fixed-rate bonds have some appeal even though they are frequently categorised as classic bonds. This bond is appropriate for investors who do not need additional funds and are seek ways to create consistent but assured returns based on their present resources. 

What are fixed-rate bonds? 

Fixed-rate bonds, commonly called fixed-income securities, are debt instruments that ensure a guaranteed income. These bonds have a maturity date and a fixed interest rate. In other words, interest payments are anticipated. In light of this, fixed-income securities provide investors with a steady flow of fixed-interest payments known as coupon payments. 

Fixed-rate bonds are available in a variety of terms. In general, interest rates increase as term duration increases. Often, a minimum deposit is needed to open an account for fixed-rate bonds. Unlike many savings accounts, you are frequently only allowed to make a single deposit when you open the account. You may, however, be given the option by fixed-rate bond dealers to choose between monthly and yearly interest payments. 

How do fixed-rate bonds work? 

A fixed-rate bond is a long-term debt obligation with a fixed coupon rate throughout its life. Until the bond matures, the fixed rate is payable on precise dates as specified in the trust indenture at the time of issuance.  

 The advantage of buying a fixed-rate bond is that investors are sure of the amount and duration of their interest payments. The bondholder can accurately forecast his return on investment if the bond issuer does not default or call in the bonds.  

 Fixed-rate bonds maintain their fixed rate and do not fluctuate with the market or an index, unlike floating or variable-rate bonds. As a result, after the term, investors receive the anticipated returns.  

Advantages of fixed-rate bonds 

The advantages of investing in fixed-rate bonds are: 

• Investors know the interest they would earn on their deposits for a specified investment period, one of the main advantages of fixed-rate bonds. Also, the bond’s principal is returned to the investor when it matures. 
• Bond investments with fixed rates help to keep the portfolio’s fair balance. The fixed return balances out the fluctuation of the market. So, these bonds provide a means for saving money to meet the demands and wants of the investor. Investors can pick a tenure that corresponds to their financial objective.  
•  Fixed-rate bonds are less risky than securities bought and sold on the stock market. Bonds are popular because they can survive market volatility. As a result, investors can develop a better financial plan and link it to achieving their financial goals. 
• These bonds are rated by credit rating companies based on how creditworthy they are. On the other side, corporate bonds have a higher level of risk. As a result, buying fixed-rate bonds guarantees that the investor will be paid both interest and principal. 

Disadvantages of fixed-rate bonds 

The disadvantages of investing in fixed-rate bonds are: 

• Credit risk develops when the borrower cannot repay the principal and interest. The risk can be minimised by investing in highly rated fixed-income products. Moreover, fixed-rate government bonds with no default risk are an option. 
• The ability of investors to generate attractive profits may be compromised by rising inflation. Bond prices are also indirectly correlated with interest rates. When interest rates decrease, bond prices rise, and vice versa. 
• When the investor cannot sell the asset immediately, liquidity risk develops. These bonds tend to lack liquidity, meaning there may not be a lively market where investors can sell their investments. 

Who should invest in fixed-rate bonds? 

Investors who desire safety and have low-risk tolerance can consider fixed-rate bonds. For individuals who lack stock market experience, these bonds also serve as a long-term investment choice. Securities with fixed income have a lower risk.  

Investors with less time to recover their losses may find these assets a viable option. The inflation risk, which might result in the investments losing value over time, should be considered. Fixed-rate bonds can provide investors with a reliable source of income. The bond is suited for investors who want to achieve consistent and fixed returns over a set period.  

Growing investments over time will assist in saving for retirement or other long-term objectives. By purchasing these bonds, an investor can diversify their portfolio. 

Frequently Asked Questions