Average accounting return

Table of Contents

Average accounting return
What is average accounting return?
What is the average accounting return formula?
How to calculate average accounting return
Advantages of average accounting return
Limitation of average accounting return
Frequently Asked Questions

Average accounting return

The average accounting return gives investors a quick glimpse of a company’s total financial performance, making it a helpful indicator. By averaging a company’s financial performance and net losses over a certain time period, this return is determined.

Investors can learn how well a company is performing in terms of its capacity to make profit by examining the average accounting return. Additionally, this metric can be used to compare the financial performance of different companies.

The accounting rate of return is useful for comparing different investments, but it does not take into account the time value of money. The required rate of return is a more accurate measure of profitability, but it is more difficult to calculate.

What is average accounting return?

The accounting rate of return (ARR) is a financial ratio that measures the annual net income of an investment relative to the investment’s initial cost. Calculation of accounting rate of return is done by dividing the annual net income by the initial investment cost.

What is the average accounting return formula?

The average accounting return formula is used to calculate the average return on an investment over a period. The formula takes into account both the income and the expenses associated with the investment, and it is typically expressed as a percentage.

The average accounting return is a useful tool for investors to assess the performance of their investments, and it can be used to compare different investments. However, it is crucial to keep in mind that when choosing an investment, the average return is just one aspect to take into account.

How to calculate average accounting return

Calculation of the accounting rate of return is done by dividing the expected return on an investment by the initial cost of the investment. The calculation of the required rate of return is done by dividing the expected return on an investment by the present value of the investment.

Follow these steps:

Calculate the investment’s average yearly return.
Then take the depreciation cost out.
Divide the yearly net profit by the asset’s starting cost.
Finally, multiply the output by 100 to get the percentage rate.

Advantages of average accounting return

There are several advantages of using the average accounting return (AAR) to evaluate investment opportunities:

First, AAR provides a more accurate picture of a project’s true profitability than net present value (NPV) or internal rate of return (IRR). This is because AAR considers the impact of taxes and other expenditures in addition to the time value of money.
Second, AAR is less sensitive to changes in assumptions than NPV or IRR. This means that it is less likely to produce distorted results due to small changes in inputs.
Third, AAR is easy to calculate and understand. This makes it an ideal tool for quickly evaluating investment opportunities.

Fourth, AAR can be used to compare investment opportunities of different sizes. This is because AAR is a relative measure, rather than an absolute measure.

Overall, AAR is a useful tool for evaluating investment opportunities. It has several advantages over other methods and is relatively easy to calculate and understand.

Limitation of average accounting return

There are several limitations to using the average accounting return (AAR) as a measure of profitability.

First, the AAR only considers financial data and does not take into account other important factors such as customer satisfaction or employee morale.
Second, the timing of cash flows is not taken into account by the AAR since it does not take the time value of money into account.
Finally, the AAR is a backward-looking measure and does not consider future growth potential.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between accounting rate of return and required rate of return?

ARR is a financial ratio that measures the expected profitability of an investment, whereas the required rate of return (RRR) is the minimum rate of return, an investor requires to make an investment.

The primary distinction between the two is that the ARR considers the time value of money, whilst the required rate of return does not. The hurdle rate is another name for the required rate of return.

Is ARR the same as ROI?

ARR and the required rate of return (ROI) are not the same thing. The accounting rate of return is calculated by dividing the average yearly net income by the average investment.

The required rate of return is the minimal rate of return on investment that a firm must earn in order to satisfy its shareholders. As shareholders want a return that compensates them for the risks they are incurring, the needed rate of return is often greater than the accounting rate of return.

How does depreciation affect the accounting rate of return?

Depreciation is an important factor in determining ARR. Depreciation can have a significant impact on the ARR, especially for companies with high levels of investment. For these companies, a small change in depreciation can have a big impact on the ARR.

Depreciation is a non-cash expenditure that gradually lowers an asset’s value. The amount of depreciation expense recognized each period is based on the estimated useful life of the asset and the estimated salvage value.

What are the decision rules for accounting rate of return?

There are a few different decision rules that can be used for ARR. One common rule is to accept projects that have an ARR that is greater than the company’s required rate of return. Another decision rule is to accept projects with an ARR that is greater than the average ARR of all projects that the company has undertaken in the past.

Ultimately, it is up to the company to decide what decision rule to use for ARR. However, whichever rule is used, it is important to remember that ARR is just one metric that should be considered when making investment decisions.

What is the difference between ARR and IRR?

ARR and IRR assess an investment’s profitability relative to its original investment cost, whereas the IRR measures an investment’s profitability based on NPV.

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Yoma Strategic Holdings Shows Broadening Recovery Across All Divisions, Strong Property Pipeline Drives Growth

Published on Jun 5, 2026 9

Company Overview Yoma Strategic Holdings Ltd is a Myanmar-focused conglomerate with diversified operations spanning property development, motor distribution, financial services through Wave Money, and food & beverage operations. The company serves as a key player in Myanmar's economic development, capitalising on urbanisation trends and growing consumer demand. Strong Financial Performance Amid Currency Headwinds Yoma Strategic delivered robust growth in FY26, with EBITDA rising 18% year-on-year to US$45.9 million despite facing a 5% currency depreciation. This performance demonstrates the company's operational resilience and ability to generate growth across multiple business segments. Property development remained as the primary earnings driver, contributing US$38 million with a 22% increase from the previous year. The division's strength is underpinned by Myanmar's continued urbanisation and migration patterns, with residential property serving as a preferred store of wealth for local consumers. Operational Recovery Gaining Momentum The recovery is notably broadening across all business divisions. Motor distribution has returned to profitability through the strategic restocking of third-party brands, Volkswagen passenger vehicles, and Hino trucks. Passenger vehicle sales surged to 152 units in FY26 from just 7 units in FY25, whilst Hino truck sales more than doubled to 98 units. The financial services division, Wave Money, is successfully transitioning from reliance on remittance fee towards interest income, with float income jumping approximately 80% in FY26. Meanwhile, the food & beveragesegment continues steady growth through store expansion and pricing power, achieving strong same-store sales growth of 20%. Challenges and Risk Factors The company faces ongoing challenges at Yoma Central, a mixed-use development in Yangon, which incurred finance costs of US$10 million in FY26 pending its phased restart. However, this was partially offset by a US$14.7 million fair value gain from rising land prices in central Yangon. Looking ahead, potential cost pressures from Middle East conflicts may impact operations, although management's demonstrated ability to implement price increases across all products provides defensive capabilities. The company maintains a stable financial position, with net debt, excluding cash in trust, declining to US$132 million from US$136 million in FY25, and book value standing at S$0.193 per share. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. PSPL has not verified this information and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made that such information or Research is accurate, complete or verified or should be relied upon as such. Any such information or Research contained in these commentaries are subject to change, and PSPL shall not have any responsibility to maintain the information or Research made available or to supply any corrections, updates or releases in connection therewith. In no event will PSPL be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damages which may be incurred from the use of the information or Research made available, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The companies and their employees mentioned in these commentaries cannot be held liable for any errors, inaccuracies and/or omissions howsoever caused. Any opinion or advice herein is made on a general basis and is subject to change without notice. The information provided in these commentaries may contain optimistic statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. You must make your own financial assessment of the relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information provided in these commentaries. Views and any strategies described in these commentaries may not be suitable for all investors. Opinions expressed herein may differ from the opinions expressed by other units of PSPL or its connected persons and associates. Any reference to or discussion of investment products or commodities in these commentaries is purely for illustrative purposes only and must not be construed as a recommendation, an offer or solicitation for the subscription, purchase or sale of the investment products or commodities mentioned. This advertisement has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Geo Energy Resources Maintains Growth Trajectory Despite Q1 Challenges, S$0.75 Target Price Upheld

Published on Jun 5, 2026 11

Company Overview Geo Energy Resources Ltd is an Indonesian coal mining company operating multiple mines, including the TBR (Tanah Bumbu Resources) and TRA (Watyan) mines. The company is developing integrated infrastructure to enhance its operational efficiency and reduce transportation costs. Mixed Q1 Performance Signals Transition Phase Geo Energy Resources reported Q1 2026 results that fell short of expectations, with revenue and profit after tax representing just 17% and 7% respectively of full-year forecasts. The disappointing performance was primarily attributed to a significant 36% year-on-year decline in production to 2.0 million tonnes, driven by a 1.2 million tonne decrease at the TBR mine. Key Positive Developments The company's most significant positive development centres on its major infrastructure investment nearing completion. The new 92-kilometre integrated infrastructure project, comprising hauling roads and jetty facilities valued at US$190 million, has reached 90% completion and is currently undergoing truck testing. This infrastructure, operated through the company's 69.9%-owned subsidiary Marga Bara Jaya (MBJ), is scheduled for initial use in July 2026. The infrastructure will enable Geo Energy to transfer coal haulage from existing roads that charge US$7 to US$8 per tonne, providing significant cost savings. Initial operations will utilise 30 tonne to 40 tonne trucks before larger 70-tonne vehicles are deployed. Additionally, Resource Invest has signed a term sheet for a substantial US$1.5 billion infrastructure investment, with funds to be deployed in Q3 2026 and Q1 2027. Key Negative Factors The primary challenge facing Geo Energy is the production decline at the TBR mine, which is approaching the end of its operational life. This has necessitated a strategic shift towards the larger TRA mine, which benefits from the new infrastructure developments. The company expects TRA production to increase significantly to 6 million tonnes in FY26, from 2.5 million tonnes in FY25. Market Outlook and Recommendation Despite Q1 challenges, Phillip Securities Research maintains its BUY recommendation and S$0.75 target price, based on DCF valuation. The research house expects production to ramp up substantially in the second half of 2026, supported by the new infrastructure. Coal prices are trending 30% to 40% higher year-on-year in Q2 2026, providing additional earnings support. The company maintains its full-year production target of 11.5 million to 12.5 million tonnes for FY26, unchanged from previous guidance. However, the sector faces headwinds from the Indonesian Government's proposed centralisation of commodity export controls, which could introduce incremental fees and tighter currency controls. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. 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Salesforce Inc Maintains Strong Growth Trajectory with BUY Rating and US$270 Target Price

Published on Jun 5, 2026 9

Company Overview Salesforce Inc is a leading enterprise customer relationship management (CRM) provider, operating with a recurring subscription business model and maintaining deep customer integration. The company has been strategically expanding into AI-driven workflows through its Data Cloud and Agentforce platforms, positioning itself at the forefront of enterprise artificial intelligence adoption. Financial Performance and Outlook Salesforce delivered solid first-quarter FY27 results, with revenue and profit after tax and minority interests (PATMI) meeting expectations at 23% and 26% of full-year forecasts respectively. Revenue grew 13% year-on-year to US$11.1 billion, primarily driven by higher subscription sales, while PATMI surged 37% year-on-year due to improved operating leverage. Looking ahead, Phillip Securities Research expects FY27 growth of 11% year-on-year, with Platform Cloud leading the charge at an anticipated 30% growth rate. This expansion is supported by early adoption of Agentic AI technology, where token usage is already experiencing rapid growth. The research house anticipates reacceleration in the second half of FY27, driven by larger AI-led deal wins and strong monetisation across premium stock keeping units, seat expansion, and usage-based credits. Key Growth Drivers The Positives Cloud services continue to be the primary growth engine for Salesforce. Total group revenue increased 13% year-on-year to US$11.13 billion, with Subscription and Support contributing 95% of overall revenue through a 14% year-on-year increase. The standout performer was Platform Cloud, including Agentforce 360, Slack, and other products, which surged 43% year-on-year to US$2.7 billion, significantly accelerating from the previous quarter's 16% growth. Agentic AI momentum is building substantially across the platform. Agentforce annual recurring revenue exceeded US$1 billion, representing approximately 2.4% of FY26 total revenue and more than doubling from two quarters prior. Growth products, encompassing Agentforce, Data 360, and Informatica Cloud, reached US$3.4 billion compared to US$2.9 billion in the previous quarter. Customer adoption remains robust, with more than 50% of bookings driven by existing customers. Notably, Agentic Work Units, which track completed AI-driven tasks such as decisions or record updates, rose 111% quarter-on-quarter. Investment Recommendation Phillip Securities Research maintains a BUY recommendation with a raised DCF target price of US$270, increased from the previous US$253. The higher target price reflects an 11% reduction in share count due to an accelerated share repurchase programme, whilst WACC and terminal growth assumptions remain unchanged. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. 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Any such information or Research contained in these commentaries are subject to change, and PSPL shall not have any responsibility to maintain the information or Research made available or to supply any corrections, updates or releases in connection therewith. In no event will PSPL be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damages which may be incurred from the use of the information or Research made available, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The companies and their employees mentioned in these commentaries cannot be held liable for any errors, inaccuracies and/or omissions howsoever caused. Any opinion or advice herein is made on a general basis and is subject to change without notice. The information provided in these commentaries may contain optimistic statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. 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Valuetronics Holdings Maintains ACCUMULATE Rating Despite Earnings Decline, Target Price Raised to S$1.29

Published on Jun 5, 2026 6

Valuetronics Holdings Ltd, a Hong Kong-based manufacturer specialising in consumer electronics and industrial and commercial electronics, has reported mixed FY26 results that fell short of analyst expectations. The company operates through two main segments: consumer electronics (CE) and industrial and commercial electronics (ICE), with the latter serving as the primary revenue and margin driver. Financial Performance and Capital Returns The company's FY26 results disappointed, with revenue and adjusted profit after tax and minority interests (PATMI) reaching only 93% and 91% of forecasts respectively. Adjusted PATMI declined 16% year-on-year to HK$67 million, primarily due to a significant increase in effective tax rates. The effective tax rate in the second half of FY26 more than tripled to approximately 15%, attributed to the full utilisation of tax losses in Hong Kong and the partial end of tax incentives in Vietnam. Despite earnings pressures, Valuetronics has announced an enhanced capital return programme. The company plans to distribute HK$300 million, or S$49 million, to shareholders over FY27 and FY28 through special dividends and share buybacks. Additionally, the ordinary dividend payout ratio has been increased from up to 50% to between 50% and 70%. Segment Performance Analysis The ICE segment demonstrated resilience, with segment profit rising 4% year-on-year to HK$140 million. Key growth drivers included network access products used in broadband applications for a Canadian customer, benefiting from a replacement cycle for building network infrastructure. Other significant contributors included thermal label printers, cold chain sensors, and PC cooling products. Conversely, the consumer electronics segment faced substantial challenges, with earnings plummeting 48% year-on-year to HK$7.2 million. This segment now represents only approximately 5% of group earnings, as legacy products including electric shavers and toothbrushes were largely phased out during FY26. Investment Outlook and Recommendation Phillip Securities Research has maintained its ACCUMULATE recommendation whilst raising the target price to S$1.29 from S$0.96, reflecting a valuation of 20 times price-to-earnings FY27e compared to the previous 13 timesprice-to-earnings multiple. This adjustment aligns with the broader re-rating of industry valuations. The research house has lowered its FY27e earnings forecasts by 12% to HK$163 million to account for higher effective tax rates. Two major headwinds are expected to impact FY27e earnings: the continued phasing out of legacy consumer electronic products and elevated effective tax rates, particularly in the first half. The company also made a HK$45 million provision on GPUs and related hardware, with expectations to dispose of the remaining approximately HK$130 million in GPUs. The dividend yield of 5.4% is supported by a special dividend of at least HK$0.16, with planned share buybacks of not less than HK$80 million in FY27. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. PSPL has not verified this information and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made that such information or Research is accurate, complete or verified or should be relied upon as such. Any such information or Research contained in these commentaries are subject to change, and PSPL shall not have any responsibility to maintain the information or Research made available or to supply any corrections, updates or releases in connection therewith. In no event will PSPL be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damages which may be incurred from the use of the information or Research made available, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The companies and their employees mentioned in these commentaries cannot be held liable for any errors, inaccuracies and/or omissions howsoever caused. Any opinion or advice herein is made on a general basis and is subject to change without notice. The information provided in these commentaries may contain optimistic statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. You must make your own financial assessment of the relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information provided in these commentaries. Views and any strategies described in these commentaries may not be suitable for all investors. Opinions expressed herein may differ from the opinions expressed by other units of PSPL or its connected persons and associates. Any reference to or discussion of investment products or commodities in these commentaries is purely for illustrative purposes only and must not be construed as a recommendation, an offer or solicitation for the subscription, purchase or sale of the investment products or commodities mentioned. This advertisement has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

LHN Ltd Shows Strong Co-Living Growth Despite Property Development Weakness, Maintains BUY Rating with S$0.77 Target Price

Published on Jun 4, 2026 17

Company Overview LHN Ltd operates a diversified business portfolio encompassing industrial facilities, facilities management, co-living operations through its Coliwoo brand, and property development. The company has positioned itself as a key player in Singapore's co-living market whilst maintaining traditional property-related revenue streams. Mixed Performance in 1H26 Results LHN Ltd delivered 1H26 results that met expectations, with revenue and adjusted profit after tax and minority interests representing 43% and 49% of full-year forecasts respectively. However, overall revenue declined 14% due to the complete absence of property development revenue during the period. The company maintained its interim dividend at 1 cent, demonstrating its commitment to shareholder returns despite the revenue headwinds. Strong Co-Living Portfolio Expansion The standout performer was Coliwoo, LHN's co-living franchise, which demonstrated impressive growth metrics. The portfolio expanded significantly, with room count increasing 38% year-on-year to 3,568 units. This growth was bolstered by the March opening of Coliwoo Midtown on Middle Road, which contributed 212 rooms and achieved 55% occupancy since launch. The co-living division generated revenue of S$26.9 million, representing a robust 17% year-on-year increase driven by the substantial expansion in room inventory. Demand fundamentals remain exceptionally strong, with average occupancy across the portfolio maintained at an impressive 97% level. The pipeline remains healthy, with another 1,021 rooms scheduled for development, representing a 29% increase to the current portfolio size. Key Positives and Negatives The Positive: Strong growth momentum in the Coliwoo portfolio underpinned performance, with revenue climbing 17% year-on-year to S$26.9 million supported by the 38% jump in room keys. The second half of FY26 is expected to deliver stronger performance as Coliwoo Midtown continues to ramp up occupancy levels. The Negative: Property development operations faced significant challenges, recording zero sales from the 55 Tuas South Avenue 1 project during 1H26. Whilst two units were sold in April, only 9 of the 49 launched units have been sold to date, with the company now considering rental options for the remaining properties. Investment Outlook and Recommendation Phillip Securities Research maintains its BUY recommendation whilst adjusting the target price to S$0.77 from the previous S$0.85, reflecting a decline in Coliwoo's market capitalisation. The valuation methodology applies a 20% discount to mark-to-market valuation due to price volatility, with property development valued at book value and remaining business valued at 10 times price-to-earnings ratio. The company offers an attractive dividend yield of 6.5%, with future growth expected from expanding the co-living franchise into dormitories for the services industry. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. PSPL has not verified this information and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made that such information or Research is accurate, complete or verified or should be relied upon as such. Any such information or Research contained in these commentaries are subject to change, and PSPL shall not have any responsibility to maintain the information or Research made available or to supply any corrections, updates or releases in connection therewith. In no event will PSPL be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damages which may be incurred from the use of the information or Research made available, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The companies and their employees mentioned in these commentaries cannot be held liable for any errors, inaccuracies and/or omissions howsoever caused. Any opinion or advice herein is made on a general basis and is subject to change without notice. The information provided in these commentaries may contain optimistic statements regarding future events or future financial performance of countries, markets or companies. You must make your own financial assessment of the relevance, accuracy and adequacy of the information provided in these commentaries. Views and any strategies described in these commentaries may not be suitable for all investors. Opinions expressed herein may differ from the opinions expressed by other units of PSPL or its connected persons and associates. Any reference to or discussion of investment products or commodities in these commentaries is purely for illustrative purposes only and must not be construed as a recommendation, an offer or solicitation for the subscription, purchase or sale of the investment products or commodities mentioned. This advertisement has not been reviewed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Nordic Group Maintains Strong Growth Trajectory with Enhanced Margins and Robust Pipeline, BUY Rating with S$0.68 Target Price

Published on Jun 4, 2026 20

Nordic Group, a Singapore-based precision engineering company serving the defence, semiconductor, and marine sectors, has demonstrated resilient performance in its first quarter of FY26, with analysts maintaining confidence in its multi-year project upcycle. The company specialises in complex engineering solutions across floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels, semiconductor equipment, and defence applications, positioning itself as a diversified industrial player in high-value segments. Strong Financial Performance Driven by Margin Expansion Nordic Group delivered solid first-quarter results, with profit after tax and minority interests (PATMI) growing 11.1% year-on-year to S$5 million, representing 23% of the full-year FY26 forecast. Notably, this growth was achieved on relatively flat revenue growth of just 0.5% year-on-year, highlighting significant margin expansion. Net profit margin improved by 120 basis points to 12.0%, driven by the company's strategic shift towards higher-complexity projects in the FPSO, semiconductor, and defence segments. Lower finance costs and favourable USD/SGD exchange rate movements provided additional support to profitability during the quarter. Robust Order Book and Strategic Pipeline Development The company's order book expanded to S$213.5 million, representing an 8% year-on-year increase and providing strong earnings visibility through to 2028. The order book comprises maintenance services at S$146.9 million, or 69%, and project services at S$66.6 million, or 31%. Year-to-date contract wins totalled S$54.5 million, with semiconductor projects dominating at 48% of total wins, followed by marine and offshore at 15%. Management expects a medium-sized defence contract valued between S$6 million and S$20 million to be awarded. Nordic Group maintains a well-diversified pipeline across its three core segments, with S$135 million in defence opportunities, S$142 million in semiconductor quotations, including S$55 million categorised as mid-to-high conviction, and S$61 million in marine sector prospects across 152 vessels. Enhanced Financial Position and Growth Investments The company's balance sheet strengthened considerably, with net cash increasing 149% to S$10.2 million in the first quarter. Management has outlined capital allocation priorities, including S$3.6 million to 3.8 million for Thailand manufacturing capacity expansion to scale battery energy storage system (BESS) frame production, dormitory investments, and potential mergers and acquisitions targeting mid-sized companies similar to the Starburst acquisition. Phillip Securities Research maintains a BUY rating with an upgraded target price of S$0.68, increased from the previous S$0.63, reflecting adjusted long-term growth assumptions. The stock trades at 8.4 times FY26 estimated price-to-earnings ratio. Analysts expect continued growth from FPSO deliveries, targeting approximately three deliveries annually, and the mass production ramp-up of battery storage frame components at the Thailand Avitools facility from the second quarter onwards. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. 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SATS Ltd Delivers Strong Growth on Cargo Strength and Contract Wins, Target Price Raised to S$4.52

Published on Jun 4, 2026 16

Company Overview SATS Ltd is a leading aviation services provider operating across gateway services, comprising cargo and ground handling and food solutions, comprising aviation and non-aviation food segments. The company maintains a significant presence across key global markets, including APAC, EMEAA, and the Americas. Strong Operational Performance Drives Results SATS delivered robust fourth-quarter and full-year FY26 results, with 4Q26 revenue and PATMI growing 9.8% and 31.0% year-on-year to S$1.6 billion and S$50.7 million respectively. The full-year FY26 PATMI surged 17% year-on-year to S$285.2 million, representing 100% of forecast expectations. The gateway services segment emerged as the primary growth driver, with revenue expanding 11.5% year-on-year to S$1.3 billion in 4Q26. Within this segment, cargo revenue increased 8.4% to S$809 million, representing 50% of quarterly revenue, whilst ground handling revenue surged 17.3% to S$467 million, accounting for 29% of total revenue. Cargo Volumes and Market Expansion Cargo volumes demonstrated healthy growth of 4.7% year-on-year to 2.35 million tonnes, supported by strong performance in EMEAA markets, up 9.1% year-on-year, and APAC markets, up 9.4% year-on-year. The ground handling segment processed 174,500 flights, representing a 10.6% year-on-year increase. The company's ground handling business particularly benefited from geopolitical developments, with the rerouting of long-haul Asia-Europe flights from the Middle East to Singapore following the US-Iran conflict contributing to the 17.3% revenue growth. Strategic Contract Wins and Geographic Expansion SATS secured significant contract renewals and new business across key geographies during 4Q26, with a particular focus on building operations in the Americas and establishing an integrated cargo network across Europe. The company is also capitalising on rerouted cargo flows from the Middle East conflict, including handling operations for Jazeera Airways at the Dammam base. Outlook and Valuation Phillip Securities Research maintains a BUY rating and has raised the DCF target price to S$4.52 from the previous S$4.44 , with FY27 PATMI estimates increased by 8% to reflecthigher gateway services revenue from new contract wins. The company trades at 18.3 times FY27 estimated price-to-earnings ratio, with expectations for improved margins as new facilities in Tianjin, Bangalore, and Thailand ramp up operations towards management's 20% EBITDA margin target by FY29. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. 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ST Engineering Maintains Growth Trajectory with Strong Defence Orderbook and Commercial Aerospace Recovery, BUY Rating at S$13.00 Target

Published on May 29, 2026 120

Company Overview ST Engineering Ltd is a diversified technology and engineering conglomerate operating across three key segments: Commercial Aerospace (CA), Defence & Public Security (DPS), and Urban Solutions & Satcom (USS). The company provides maintenance, repair and overhaul services, manufacturing capabilities, and engineering solutions to both commercial and defence markets globally. Strong First Quarter Performance ST Engineering delivered a solid first quarter performance in FY26, with revenue reaching expectations at 24% of full-year forecasts. Revenue grew 15% year-on-year when excluding the divested LeeBoy operations, demonstrating underlying business strength. The company reported that net profit exceeded 15% year-on-year growth, keeping ST Engineering on track to meet its ambitious 2025-29 target of growing earnings 5 percentage points faster than revenue. Robust Orderbook Growth Driven by Defence Wins The company's orderbook surged approximately 16% year-on-year to S$34.5 billion, with defence operations leading the charge in new contract wins. Two significant orders bolstered the portfolio: a S$470 million contract for Qatar land platform maintenance, repair and overhaul services, and a substantial S$600 million deal to supply eight gunboats for the Kuwait Naval Force. These wins highlight ST Engineering's strong positioning in international defence markets. Commercial Aerospace Segment Shows Positive Momentum The Commercial Aerospace division demonstrated continued strength, with revenue expanding 15% year-on-year to S$1.32 billion in the first quarter. Growth was primarily driven by engine MRO services and increased nacelle deliveries. Extended flight times have increased engine life expectancy, consequently boosting MRO requirements. ST Engineering has strengthened its partnership with engine principal CFM-LEAP in Asia, providing enhanced access to spare parts and technical expertise. Satellite Operations Improving The Satcom division, operating under the Urban Solutions & Satcom segment, showed promising signs with revenue growing 30% year-on-year in the first quarter. This growth stemmed from increased demand in government and defence sectors. Management has identified planned cost savings of S$50 million to transform the division into profitability. Investment Outlook Despite ongoing Middle East conflicts, ST Engineering has experienced no significant project delays or supply chain disruptions. The Middle East can represents less than 3% of total revenue, limiting exposure risks. The company's largest growth opportunity lies in international defence, with US$11 billion in opportunities to pursue over the next two years. Notably, international defence orders secured this year have already doubled those achieved in 2025, demonstrating accelerating momentum in this key growth area. Frequently Asked Questions [market_journal_faq] This article has been auto-generated using PhillipGPT. It is based on a report by a Phillip Securities Research analyst. Disclaimer These commentaries are intended for general circulation and do not have regard to the specific investment objectives, financial situation and particular needs of any person. Accordingly, no warranty whatsoever is given and no liability whatsoever is accepted for any loss arising whether directly or indirectly as a result of any person acting based on this information. You should seek advice from a financial adviser regarding the suitability of any investment product(s) mentioned herein, taking into account your specific investment objectives, financial situation or particular needs, before making a commitment to invest in such products. Opinions expressed in these commentaries are subject to change without notice. Investments are subject to investment risks including the possible loss of the principal amount invested. The value of units in any fund and the income from them may fall as well as rise. Past performance figures as well as any projection or forecast used in these commentaries are not necessarily indicative of future or likely performance. Phillip Securities Pte Ltd (PSPL), its directors, connected persons or employees may from time to time have an interest in the financial instruments mentioned in these commentaries. The information contained in these commentaries has been obtained from public sources which PSPL has no reason to believe are unreliable and any analysis, forecasts, projections, expectations and opinions (collectively the “Research”) contained in these commentaries are based on such information and are expressions of belief only. PSPL has not verified this information and no representation or warranty, express or implied, is made that such information or Research is accurate, complete or verified or should be relied upon as such. Any such information or Research contained in these commentaries are subject to change, and PSPL shall not have any responsibility to maintain the information or Research made available or to supply any corrections, updates or releases in connection therewith. In no event will PSPL be liable for any special, indirect, incidental or consequential damages which may be incurred from the use of the information or Research made available, even if it has been advised of the possibility of such damages. The companies and their employees mentioned in these commentaries cannot be held liable for any errors, inaccuracies and/or omissions howsoever caused. Any opinion or advice herein is made on a general basis and is subject to change without notice. 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